Temples_3

The Temples section has been split into three pages to reduce loading time.

This page contains images of Sanjusangendo (33 Bay Temple housing 1001 Kannons),
Shitennoji (oldest temple), Tenryuji (Kyoto’s most important Zen temple), Todaiji (home
of the largest bronze sculpture and the largest wooden building in the world), and
 Toji (the oldest temple in Kyoto, with the tallest 5-story pagoda in Japan).

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Images in this section are in a number of different Galleries on the Photoshelter website.
The Banner below leads to the Japan Collections page where a Gallery can be selected.

PhotoshelterGallerySection

There are 14 Galleries in the Photoshelter Japan Collection
Japanese Temples are in the following Galleries (Direct Links)
 

Japan: Temples 1 - Kyoto 1
Daitokuji, Ginkakuji, Kinkakuji, Kiyomizudera

Japan: Temples 2 - Kyoto 2
Sanjusangendo, Tenryuji, Toji

Japan: Temples 3 - Nara
Hasedera, Horyuji, Todaiji
 

Japan: Temples 4 - Kamakura
Engakuji, Hokaiji, Kenchoji,
Kotoku-in, Ofuna Kannon

Japan: Temples 5 - Shitennoji & Assorted
Shitennoji, Kofukuji Gojunoto,
Nanzenji Sanmon, Chion-in Sanmon,
Ryozen Kannon, Ueno Bentendo, Kanteibyo
 


Index
 


Sanjusangendo

Sanjusangendo means hall with 33 bays (Rengeo-in is the temple’s official name).
Sanjusangendo was founded in 1164 by the order of the retired Emperor Go-shirakawa.
The original building was destroyed in a fire in 1249. The current building was built in 1266.
 

Sanjusangendo_9512

Sanjusangendo 9512

At 120 meters (394 feet), this is the longest wooden building in Japan.

Shooting (and processing) this image was very challenging.

 

Sanjusangendo_9508

Sanjusangendo 9508
 

 

Sanjusangendo_9500

Sanjusangendo 9500

The main deity is a thousand-armed Kannon
sculpture created by Tankei, a famous sculptor
in the Kamakura period (early 12th century).
The sculpture in front is Ashura (Asura).

 

Sanjusangendo_9492

Sanjusangendo 9492

The sculpture at the far left playing the drum is Kinnara, an attendant of Tamonten.

The main sculpture of Avalokitesvara is flanked by a thousand 1000-armed Kannons.
These life-sized statues are made of Japanese Cypress. 124 of them date to the original
temple (1164) which burned in 1249. The statues were rescued from the fire, and the main
hall was rebuilt in 1266. The remaining 876 statues were rebuilt in the 13th century. The
statues are arranged in 10 rows of 50 columns on either side of Avalokitesvara, and in
front of the 1000 Kannons are 28 guardian deities and the gods of Wind and Thunder.
The building housing the statues is 394 feet long, with 33 spaces between the pillars.
The number 33 was chosen because Kannon can assume 33 different shapes
on her missions of mercy (Kannon is the Buddhist Goddess of Mercy).
 

Sanjusangendo_9502

Sanjusangendo 9502

An Apsara (celestial musician, servant to the Deva Kings)
stands in front of the Senju-Kannons (thousand-armed Kannons).

 

Sanjusangendo_Apsara_Kannons_9502_08c

Sanjusangendo Apsara Kannons 9502, 9508c
(Composite will open in a second window)

A composite of two detail crops from images shown above.

The Apsara are celestial beings which are servants of the Deva Kings
(Shitenno, such as Komokuten). Often, they are dancers or musicians.
You already know about the Senju-Kannon (thousand-armed Kannon).

 

Sanjusangendo_9516

Sanjusangendo 9516

Kairo and garden next to one of the temple gates.

 

Sanjusangendo_Gate_9518

Sanjusangendo Gate 9518

A great example of an early Kouraimon (Korean style) gate. The gate has a tiled roof
with Chidori (plover, peaked) gable, supported on pillars which also hold the hinges.
The pillars are supported by two side-pillars (hikaebashira) with their own gabled,
tiled roofs which protect the side pillars from weather (as well as the open door).
 


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Shitennoji

Built by Prince Shotoku in 593, this is the oldest officially administered temple in Japan.
Built by Kongo Gumi (world’s oldest construction company, operating for over 1400 years).
The temple has been destroyed many times over the years, and the buildings have had to be
rebuilt each time. The last time the buildings were reconstructed in concrete to fireproof them.

 

Shitennoji_Gojunoto_8965

Shitennoji Gojunoto 8965

A view of the Gojunoto (5-story pagoda) and the roof of the Kondo from over the wall.

 

Shitennoji_Gojunoto_8967

Shitennoji Gojunoto 8967

 

Shitennoji_Monk_9005

Shitennoji Monk 9005

A Shitennoji monk, standing outside the temple.

Shitennoji_Rokujido_8938

Shitennoji Rokujido 8938

The Rokujido was reconstructed in the beginning of the Edo period (early 1600s)
 and is one of the oldest buildings on the temple grounds (most of the others were
destroyed by fire or typhoons, the most recent early in the 20th century).

 

ShitennojiRokujido_roofDetail_8942

Shitennoji Rokujido roof Detail 8942

 

Shitennoji_Taishakuten_8960

Shitennoji Taishakuten 8960

Taishakuten (Indra) riding an elephant.
Commander of the Shitteno, Lord of the Center.

Taishakuten defends against evil, and has
attributes of both creator and sun god. In India,
he was ruler of the gods of the Veda. Similar
to Zeus in the Greek pantheon, he is one
of the 12 Devas who protect the world.

 

Shitennoji_Binzuru_8958

Shitennoji Binzuru 8958

Binzuru (Pindola), an Arhat renowned for
his occult and psychic powers. The statue is
considered to have the power to heal, and people
rub the statue where they have a problem. The
statue is well-worn, and it seems many folks
have headaches and shoulder problems.

 

Shitennoji_Rokujido_TurtleSanctuary_8940

Shitennoji Rokujido Turtle Sanctuary 8940

Outside the Rokujido, there is a stone pond
with a multilevel platform that serves as a
turtle sanctuary. There are hundreds.

 

Shitennoji_Kairo_Kodo_8982

Shitennoji Kairo Kodo 8982

The Kodo (Lecture Hall) and the Kairo
(covered colonnade). The Kairo surrounds the
central enclosure housing Kondo and Gojunoto.

 

ShitennojiKondo_Gojunoto_8970

Shitennoji Kondo Gojunoto 8970

A steep oblique angle showing the Gojunoto (5-story pagoda), Kondo (Main Hall),
and Kodo (Lecture Hall) from right to left, taken from a corner of the Kairo (colonnade).

 

Shitennoji_Gojunoto_8969

Shitennoji Gojunoto 8969

 

Shitennoji_Gojunoto_8984

Shitennoji Gojunoto 8984

The five story pagoda, shot from two angles.
Inside are the statues of Shitenno shown below.

 

Shitennoji_Kondo_Gojunoto_8977

Shitennoji Kondo Gojunoto 8977

The Main Hall (Kondo) with the Pagoda (Gojunoto) in the background.

 

Shitennoji_JuichimenKannon_8983

Shitennoji Juichimen Kannon 8983

11-headed Guze Kannon in the main hall.
 

Shitennoji_YakushiNyorai_8950

Shitennoji Yakushi Nyorai 8950

Standing Yakushi Nyorai
(Healing Buddha) in Rokujido,
the training center of the temple.
 

The 11-headed Kannon Bosatsu (Avalokiteshvara) is the Kannon of Compassion and Mercy.
Prince Shotoku Taishi was considered to be an embodiment of this Kannon after his death.
Prince Shotoku is regarded as the father of the Japanese Nation. Inspired by Confucius’
writings, he wrote the original constitution, established the political system, and built
46 major Buddhist temples including the Shitennoji and Horyuji Temples. He was
one of the first royal converts to the Buddhist faith and was instrumental in the
establishment of the religion in Japan. He is revered as a Buddhist saint.

 

Shitennoji_Tamonten_Komokuten_8988

Shitennoji Tamonten Komokuten 8988

Shitenno-ji was built to honor the four Shitenno (Deva Kings), protectors of Buddhist Law
and of Humankind... the four Heavenly Guardians. These statues have an Asuka-period
look about them, but considering how many times Shitennoji has been destroyed
or burned and rebuilt, they are probably reproductions from a later period.

The brush and scroll of the Shitenno on the right identifies him as Komokuten,
and the pagoda (treasure-house) held by the Shitenno on the left identifies Tamonten.

 

Shitennoji_Tamonten_Komokuten_8992_96

Shitennoji Tamonten Komokuten 8992, 8996
(Composite will open in a second window)

A composite of shots taken from each side.
Below are similar shots of Jikokuten and Zochoten.

The statues of the four Shitenno are on opposite sides of the pagoda interior.

 

Shitennoji_Jikokuten_Zochoten_8994_95

Shitennoji Jikokuten Zochoten 8994, 8995
(Composite will open in a second window)

 

Shitennoji_NyoirinKannon_9003

Shitennoji Nyoirin Kannon 9003
 

Shitennoji_NyoirinKannon_9000c

Shitennoji Nyoirin Kannon 9000c
 

The six-armed Shingon representation of Nyoirin Kannon is another form of Avalokiteshvara.

 

Shitennoji_Dragon_8972

Shitennoji Dragon 8972
 

Shitennoji_Dragon_8974

Shitennoji Dragon 8974
Dragon fountain in the Kairo.
 


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Images in this section are in a number of different Galleries on the Photoshelter website.
The Banner below leads to the Japan Collections page where a Gallery can be selected.

PhotoshelterGallerySection

There are 14 Galleries in the Photoshelter Japan Collection
Direct Links to Japanese Temple Galleries are at the top and bottom of this page.


Tenryuji

Tenryuji was founded in 1339 by Ashikaga Takauji, 1st Shogun of the Muromachi period
on the spot Danrinji was created by Empress Tachibana in the early Heian period. 400 years
later Danrinji was converted in the 13th c. to an Imperial villa by Emperor Go-Saga, and Ashikaga
Takauji converted this villa into Tenryuji in order to hold a memorial service for Emperor Go-Daigo.
It was named Tenryuji because Takauji’s younger brother Tadayoshi had a dream about a golden
dragon flying over the Oi River (which lies south of the temple). Tenryu means Dragon of the Sky.

Tenryuji is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At one time, it contained 150 sub-temples, but the
damage by six major fires in the 14th and 15th centuries devastated the temple, and it was
further destroyed during the Onin War (1467-77). Rebuilt after the Onin War, it burned in
the early 19th c., and was further damaged during the Hamaguri Rebellion in 1864.

Tenryuji is the number one temple in Kyoto’s Five Mountains system.
 

Tenryuji_9251

Tenryuji 9251

In the 1430s, Tenryuji increased in importance when it entered into a tributary
relationship with the Emperor of Ming Dynasty China. At the time, China would not
allow trade outside of its borders except with vassals, and the Ashikagas refused to
allow the Chinese to control their foreign affairs. The arrangement with Tenryuji meant
that Tenryuji had a virtual monopoly on trade with China in exchange for Chinese control
over the selection of the Abbot of the Temple. They coordinated trade through the 19th c.

Note the goblin tile (onigawara) at the peak of the larger roof. They replaced the tile
and still had the old one laying around. A close shot of the old tile is below left.

 

Tenryuji_Onigawara_9246

Tenryuji Onigawara 9246

This is the old Onigawara from the building in
image 9251. The new tile has a closed mouth.

Onigawara (troll or goblin tiles) derived from
creatures in folklore. The term originated in China
and at first, in Japan they were considered to be
invisible spirits or gods that caused disasters or
 disease. Evolving into trolls, demons or goblins,
in modern times they have lost their wickedness.

 

Tenryuji_Temple_Kannon_9217

Tenryuji Temple Kannon 9217

A statue of Maria Kannon (note the cross).
in a Tenryuji garden. 17th c. outlawed Christians
often made Kannon images like this to worship.

 

Tenryuji_9213

Tenryuji 9213

One of many gardens in Tenryuji. They are
known for the beautiful gardens in the complex.

 

Tenryuji_9243

Tenryuji 9243

A kairo (covered colonnade) with raised walkway
 passes through a garden between the buildings.

 

Tenryuji_Sakura_9239

Tenryuji Sakura 9239

Sakura in bloom in yet another of the gardens in Tenryuji.

 

Tenryuji_Mokugyo_9226

Tenryuji Mokugyo 9226

Mokugyo (wooden fish) rests between beatings
on a cushion in the sutra hall. It is a percussion
instrument to keep rhythm during sutra recitation.

 

Tenryuji_9233

Tenryuji 9233

A very unusual, almost science fiction
meditation room painting. Also, notice the
beautiful vase on the right (detail crop below).
This room evoked a totally different mood.

 

TenryujiVase_9233

Tenryuji_Corridor_9229

Tenryuji Corridor 9229

An exterior corridor between rooms, with
 one of the many gardens in the distance.


Left:  a detail crop of the vase, lower right of 9233.
(shown for detail examination, no larger version)

 

Tenryuji_Dharma_9235

Tenryuji Dharma 9235

This image of Daruma was painted by
Seiko Hirata (famous Zen master, author, and
Head Priest of Tenryuji until he died in 2008).

 

Tenryuji_DragonCloud_9232

Tenryuji Dragon Cloud 9232

Unryu-zu. The Dragon as a metaphor for the
tumultuous sky. His head is buried in his side
and his body blends perfectly into the Cloud.

 

Tenryuji_9240

Tenryuji 9240

Emperor Go-Daigo, Emperor Kameyama, and Emperor Go-Saga
are enshrined in the Tahoden. The Tahoden is a modern building (1934)
built in the Kamakura period style. A wooden image of Go-Daigo looks out.

Emperor Go-Saga and his son, Emperor Kameyama were the ones who converted
the earlier, Heian period temple (Danrin-ji) to an Imperial Villa. Their tombs are located
on the temple grounds. The first official act of the temple in 1345 was a memorial service
for Emperor Go-Daigo (who had been a friend of Ashikaga Takauji until Takauji opposed
the failed Kemmu Restoration started by Emperor Go-Daigo, an attempt to return power
to the Imperial House after the demise of the Kamakura Shogunate). Go-Daigo had
decreed that Ashikaga should be hunted down and executed, but failed in this,
when he had Kusunoki Masashige fight a suicidal battle against Ashikaga
(see Castles page for information and a statue at the Imperial Palace).

When Go-Daigo died the following year, Ashikaga had Tenryuji built for his memorial.
Emperor Go-Daigo is buried in a tomb on Mt. Yoshino (Nara), where he had
moved his court when Ashikaga’s army entered Kyoto after the battle.

 

Tenryuji_9238

Tenryuji 9238
 


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Todaiji
(Great Eastern Temple)

Founded by Emperor Shomu, Todaiji was constructed beginning in 728, when the original temple
(Kinshosen-ji) was built after Emperor Shomu’s son (Prince Motoi) died at the age of one. After a
number of disasters in the 730s (including an outbreak of smallpox 735-37) and several coups and
rebellions during that decade, Emperor Shomu established a series of Provincial temples with the
Kinshosen-ji as the head of all provincial temples. In 743, a new law was issued stating that people
should become directly involved with the establishment of new Buddhist temples across Japan. This
is when Todaiji was created, when more than 2.6 million people helped construct the Great Buddha
and its hall. The enormous statue was completed in 751 and the ‘eye-opening’ ceremony was in 752.

The original complex also contained two 100 meter pagodas (almost twice the height of the
largest pagodas today, and nearly as tall as the Great Pyramid in Egypt). These were destroyed
in an earthquake. The Shosoin storehouse contains numerous 8th c. artifacts and is a very early
environmentally controlled building, having been built to combat the humid climate of Japan. It
was used as the Imperial Repository until recently being replaced by a concrete building.

 

NaraPark_Deer_9773

Nara Park Deer 9773

Got Food?

Now, who could resist that face?
Especially when it’s right in yours...

Todaiji is in Nara Park, which is literally swarming with thundering herds of Sika deer.
The deer walk up to people and either give them the forlorn look this fellow has practiced
oh so well, or they bow to the target, knowing they will be fed shika senbei (deer crackers).

A cute story I heard in Nara Park was one lady telling her child: “Don’t you eat those crackers.
See those deer out there? Half are people who couldn’t read the directions and ate the crackers”.

See... the crackers turn unsuspecting humans into deer. Oh... you got that? Of course you did.

These deer are so smart (at least about this), that they watch for someone going over to
a cracker vendor, then after he buys crackers, the deer swarm the hapless individual.
Once the crackers are gone, the fickle ungulates wander off, looking for the next
unsuspecting tourist. They are sort of like little waifs. You can’t resist them.

OK... enough about that. On to Todaiji.

 

Todaiji_Nandaimon_9811

Todaiji Nandaimon 9811
 

Todaiji_Nandaimon_9812detail

Todaiji Nandaimon 9812 detail
 

The Todaiji Temple’s Nandaimon (Great South Gate) is a National Treasure.
Built in 1199 in the Tenjiku style with floating wooden beams (the original gate
was destroyed by wind in the late Heian period). The central pillars are 63 feet tall.

 

Todaiji_Nandaimon_9813

Todaiji Nandaimon 9813

 

Todaiji_Koma-inu_9858

Todaiji Koma-inu 9858

This fierce fellow is a Koma-inu (Lion-dog).
They guard entrances to temples and shrines.

 

Todaiji_9816

Todaiji 9816
 

Todaiji_9857

Todaiji 9857
 

Built in Nara in 752 by Emperor Shomu, Todaiji contains numerous enormous statues,
including an immense statue of Dainichi Nyorai.The world’s largest wooden building, it is
only 2/3 the size of the original (burned during the Sengoku (Warring States) period).

Todaiji was rebuilt in 1692.

 

Todaiji_9817

Todaiji 9817

Todaiji Temple and the nearby Kofokuji Temple had grown so powerful by 784 that the
Emperor moved the capital to Nagaoka to escape the influence of the meddlesome priests.
In 794 Emperor Kammu moved the capital again to the new city of Heian-kyo (Kyoto) to remove
the court even further from Nara, but the temples still exerted some influence at a distance.

 

Todaiji_9819

Todaiji 9819

This is one truly enormous wooden building.
It’s kind of hard to believe the original was 50%
larger than this... a tremendous amount of wood.

 

Todaiji_detail_9822

Todaiji detail 9822

This is sort of a touristy shot angle, but
I defy you to walk up to this building and
not stare up into the upper reaches in awe.

 

Todaiji_OctagonalLantern_9821

Todaiji Octagonal Lantern 9821

8th c. octagonal bronze lantern from the first temple.
It is one of the oldest treasures at Todaiji.

 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9826

Todaiji Daibutsu 9826

Inside the world’s largest wooden building is the world’s largest bronze statue.
Todaiji Daibutsu is 50 feet tall and weighs 500 tons. By the time it was completed in 751,
 the Daibutsu used most of Japan’s bronze production and had left the country nearly bankrupt.

 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9828

Todaiji Daibutsu 9828

The Daibutsu has had a rough go over the years. in the 9th c. an earthquake
knocked his block off (literally removed his head). in 1180 and 1567, fire melted
his right hand. Because of the repairs that were made over the years, the sculpture
does not have the same character as the original. The hands were cast in the late 1500s
and the head was recast in the 1600s, reflecting the styles of the time they were cast.

 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9856

Todaiji Daibutsu 9856

 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9844

Todaiji Daibutsu 9844

The Daibutsu has been damaged in several earthquakes and has been recast several
times. The statue we see today was recast in 1692 during the 1st Tokugawa Shogunate.

Each eye is over a meter wide, the ears are 2.5 meters long, and the face is 5.3 meters long.

 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9832_54

Todaiji Daibutsu 9832, 9854
(Composite will open in a second window)

 

Todaiji_Komokuten_9837

Todaiji Komokuten 9837

 

Todaiji_Tamonten_9842

Todaiji Tamonten 9842

 

These are two of the four Shitenno (Deva Kings), who protect the four directions in Buddha’s realm.

Komokuten means wide-eyed or expansive vision. Tamonten means renowned, the well-known one.
Komokuten sees through evil, punishes evil and encourages enlightenment. Komokuten statues often
show him with brush and scroll (for writing sutras), or clenching the right fist, the left holding a spear.

Tamonten is all-knowing, hears everything, and is completely versed in Buddha’s teachings. Tamonten
protects holy places and carries a pagoda treasure house in his left hand. The right holds a spear
(Tamonten is also God of War, protector of the righteous, and the Buddhist patron of warriors).

 

Todaiji_Komokuten_9837detail

Todaiji Komokuten 9837 detail

These are large detail crops of the above images.

 

Todaiji_Tamonten_9842detail

Todaiji Tamonten 9842 detail

 

Todaiji_Nyoirin-kannon_9845

Todaiji Nyoirin-kannon 9845

The fulfiller of all wishes, Nyoirin-Kannon
is one of the forms of Avalokitesvara.

Often shown in the Shingon version (six arms),
Nyoirin-Kannon holds the wish-fulfilling jewel
(this 2-armed version holds it in the left hand).

 

Todaiji_Kokuzo_Bosatsu_9834

Todaiji Kokuzo Bosatsu 9834

Kokuzo symbolizes the vast and boundless Buddha wisdom permeating the universe. Introduced in the late Nara period as part of a rite to improve one’s memory, Kokuzo was one of the first Buddhist deities to arrive in Japan. People also pray to Kokuzo to improve their technical and artistic skills.

 

Todaiji_Nyoirin-kannon_9852

Todaiji Nyoirin-kannon 9852

 

Todaiji_Nyoirin-kannon_9845c

Todaiji Nyoirin-kannon 9845c

This image is a large detail crop of the first Nyoirin-Kannon image shown above.
 

Todaiji_Daibutsu_9844rc

Todaiji Daibutsu 9844rc

A perspective-cropped version of 9844 (the uncorrected version is 7 rows above).
 


Return to the Index


Images in this section are in a number of different Galleries on the Photoshelter website.
The Banner below leads to the Japan Collections page where a Gallery can be selected.

PhotoshelterGallerySection

There are 14 Galleries in the Photoshelter Japan Collection
Direct Links to Japanese Temple Galleries are at the top and bottom of this page.


Toji

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Toji Temple is as old as Kyoto. Built in 796, two years after the capital  was moved to Kyoto, Toji (the East Temple) was built on the East side of the Rashomon gate, and was established to protect the main entrance to the city that Emperor Kammu created for his new capital in 794. The Kondo was built in 796, burned in the 15th century, and was rebuilt in the original Momoyama Tenjiku style. Toji and it’s partner temple to the west (Saiji) were the only temples allowed in Kammu’s Heian-kyo (the original name for Kyoto), as the Emperor wanted to get away from the meddling priests.

The Kondo (main hall) contains the Yakushi Nyorai triad (Yakushi, the Buddha of Healing,
and the two attendant Bodhisattvas Nikko and Gakko (Radiant Sun and Moon).
 

Toji_9122

Toji 9122

The Kondo and a bronze lantern framed by the main gate at the entrance to Toji.

 

TojiKondo_9124

Toji Kondo 9124

 

TojiKondo_9148

Toji Kondo 9148

 

Toji_Kondo_Gojunoto_9127

Toji Kondo Gojunoto 9127

The Kondo contains a Yakushi Nyorai (Healing Buddha) triad shown below.

This unbelievably difficult shot (dark wood, bright sky and haze) shows the
Gojunoto (5-story pagoda) in the background. This is the tallest pagoda in Japan.

 

Toji_MonksQtrs_9138

Toji Monk’s Quarters 9138

 

Toji_Monks_9130

Toji Monks 9130

 

TojiMonks_9132

Toji Monks 9132

 

TojiMonks_9133

Toji Monks 9133

 

TojiMonolith_Refectory_9135

Toji Monolith Refectory 9135

The building in the background is a 1930 copy of the original (796) refectory, now a study hall.

 

Toji_Mieido_9139

Toji Mieido 9139

The oldest remaining building at Toji, the Miedo
was built in 1380. Kukai (Kobo Daishi), the priest
who created the character of Toji when he was
made steward of the temple by Emperor Saga
in 823, had his residence on this spot. He is the
one who conceived, commissioned, and laid out
 the sculpture display in the Kodo that depicts
the two worlds of the Ryokai mandala. These
sculptures are the spiritual heart of Toji.

 

Toji_Mieido_9144

Toji Mieido 9144

Kukai lived a legendary life (774-835). His
wanderings of his home island (Shikoku) led to
the Shikoku Pilgrimage of 88 temples that are
associated with Kukai. In the early Middle Ages
(Muromachi period), he became considered as
an incarnation of Buddha. A hall was built at Toji
for the worship of Kukai. The Mieido, houses
a statue of Kukai and his personal Fudo-Myoo.
These are not shown to the public (too sacred).

 

Toji_Kodo_9129

Toji Kodo 9129

The Kodo (Lecture Hall) was rebuilt in 1491, and contains Kukai’s original statues
arranged in the Mikkyo (Ryokai) mandala, carved in the 8th and 9th centuries. It is one of
few buildings at Toji that survived the fires and war of the Sengoku period (1467-1585).

 

Toji_Kodo_roofDetail_9145

Toji Kodo roof detail 9145

Note the ornate Onigawara (Goblin tile).

 

Toji_Kodo_9159

Toji Kodo 9159

The Kodo contains 21 sculptures (15 are original eighth to ninth century wood carvings),
arranged in a mandala in 3 dimensions containing five Nyorai, five Bodhisattvas, five Myoo
(Kings of Light and Wisdom), Taishakuten (Indra), the Deva Kings, and Bonten (Brahma).

 

TojiKondo_9157

Toji Kondo 9157

The Kondo (main hall) shot from in front of the pagoda, with sakura.

 

Toji_Kondo_9158

Toji Kondo 9158

The Kondo houses the Yakushi Nyorai shown below.

 

Toji_Zochoten_9166

Toji Zochoten 9166

 

Toji_Zochoten_9166detail

Toji Zochoten 9166 detail
(gilded wood, carved in 839)

Shitenno (Deva King) of the South.
(Thanks to Mark Schumacher for the ID)

 

These sculptures are in the Kodo, and are 8th to 9th century wood carvings.
The 3-dimensional Mikkyo mandala was created by the monk Kobo Daishi (Kukai),
who commisioned them in 826. 15 are the original carvings (finished in 839).

 

Toji_DainichiNyorai_9164

Toji Dainichi Nyorai 9164

Dainichi Nyorai is flanked by the four Diamond World Buddhas
(Ashuku, Hosho, Fuku and Amida)

Toji is the Kyoto headquarters of the Shingon sect.
They revere Dainichi Nyorai as the central aspect of Buddha.

 

Toji_DainichiNyorai_9165

Toji Dainichi Nyorai 9165

Dainichi Nyorai is the Japanese for Vairocana, the embodiment of Dharmakaya and universal
aspect of the historical Gautama Buddha. The Todaiji Daibutsu statue is a representation of
Dainichi Nyorai. Buddhism in Japan evolved and gradually, Dainichi became superceded
by Amitabha (Amida, left), but Toji (Shingon Buddhism) still regards Dainichi as central.

 

Toji_YakushiNyorai_9162

Toji Yakushi Nyorai 9162

Yakushi Nyorai (Healing Buddha) with Nikko (the Moon Bodhisattva) on his left. Yakushi Nyorai
is supported by his 12 Yakshas (Generals). Surrounding Buddha in the aureole are 7 healing
buddhas (emanations). Yakushi Nyorai has been protecting Kyoto since the founding of Toji.

 

TojiGojunoto_9150_56

Toji Gojunoto 9150, 9156
(Composite will open in a second window)

Toji has the tallest wooden Gojunoto (5-story pagoda) in Japan, just beyond the Kondo.
The pagoda was rebuilt in the Edo period by order of Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1643.
The Toji pagoda has burned five times since it was built by Kukai (Kobo Taishi) in 826.

Notice the very bright sky in this direction, and that it gets brighter to the left... the sun is to the left.
Shooting a dark subject up against a very bright sky and almost directly towards the sun is not a very
good idea most of the time, but in this case there was no choice. The processing of the image to
the left was quite difficult... contrast was low and it was hard to get detail out of the wood. The
image on the right was shot from close up, using the pagoda to block most of the sky.
To get the detail in the wood I had to overexpose the sky. This is really dark wood.

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Images in this section are in a number of different Galleries on the Photoshelter website.
The Banner below leads to the Japan Collections page where a Gallery can be selected.

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There are 14 Galleries in the Photoshelter Japan Collection
Japanese Temples are in the following Galleries (Direct Links)
 

Japan: Temples 1 - Kyoto 1
Daitokuji, Ginkakuji, Kinkakuji, Kiyomizudera

Japan: Temples 2 - Kyoto 2
Sanjusangendo, Tenryuji, Toji

Japan: Temples 3 - Nara
Hasedera, Horyuji, Todaiji
 

Japan: Temples 4 - Kamakura
Engakuji, Hokaiji, Kenchoji,
Kotoku-in, Ofuna Kannon

Japan: Temples 5 - Shitennoji & Assorted
Shitennoji, Kofukuji Gojunoto,
Nanzenji Sanmon, Chion-in Sanmon,
Ryozen Kannon, Ueno Bentendo, Kanteibyo
 


Return to the Master Index on the Japan Select page
 

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